SCHIZOAFFECTIVE DISORDER

Schizoaffective disorder is a chronic mental health condition that combines features of schizophrenia and mood disorders. People with this disorder experience psychotic symptoms, like hallucinations or delusions, alongside mood episodes, which can be depressive, manic, or both.

Diagnosis requires both psychotic and mood symptoms during an ongoing period of illness, with at least two weeks of psychosis occurring without mood symptoms. There are two subtypes: bipolar type, which includes manic episodes and often depression, and depressive type, which involves only major depressive episodes.

Cognitive difficulties, social withdrawal, and trouble managing daily life are common. The causes are complex, including genetics, brain chemistry, trauma, and environmental stressors.

Treatment usually combines medication—antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, or antidepressants—with therapy, psychoeducation, social skills training, and community support. Services such as case management, supported housing, and vocational help can improve independence and stability.

The course of schizoaffective disorder is variable. Some people experience periods of stability interrupted by relapses, while others face ongoing symptoms. With early diagnosis, consistent treatment, and strong support, many individuals lead meaningful and fulfilling lives.